The piano is an instrument capable of producing an impressive variety functions within music. Musicians use the piano’s keyboard to do everything from creating the frameworks of great symphonic works down to writing melodies for the choruses of simple pop songs. The piano also serves as a direct link to the world of music theory. Every serious musician should get at least somewhat familiar with the keyboard, and learning some piano fingering exercises is a great way to get there. Today we’re going to walk you through a few exercises that will help build muscle memory, strength, independence, and flexibility within your hands. To get the full benefit from these exercises, we recommend working with a keyboard that has weighted keys and a sustain pedal if you don’t have an acoustic piano. Also, you’ll need a metronome which you can either find for free through a quick internet search or through an app on your smartphone.
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For these exercises, we’re going to show you how music theory ties into the way you’ll use your fingers to play the piano. Every musician should be familiar with the piano’s keyboard because it serves as a direct visual representation of what music theory looks like. The piano keys are perfect visual representations for the notes, scales, and intervals found in music, and what you learn here can inform the way you understand any pitched instrument. Effective piano fingering exercises deliver not only strength and flexibility to a player, but also a greater understanding of how music works in general.
The best place to start introducing piano fingering exercises is major and minor scales. Scales are the step-by-step sequencing of the notes found in keys. Basic scales are a great way to teach your hands how to play independently, and they’re a gateway towards understanding basic chords and how to play within keys.
All major and minor scales are built using simple formulas that never change. These formulas all revolve around a series of half and whole steps, or intervals, found on the piano’s keyboard. Here’s the formula you’ll need to memorize for the building of major keys. We’ll start with the example of the C major scale:
Starting with the note of C, if you follow the formula exactly you’ll get the notes in the scale you see above. Try building the major scale in a few different keys around the piano.
A similar formula can be used to build natural minor scales:
Try building a few minor scales in different keys around the piano.
Now that we’ve covered how to build major and minor scales, let’s go over what fingers to use.
If you’re familiar with the Circle of 5ths, these keys are the first five keys on the sharp side of the chart. Moving up from C to G to D to A and finally to E, we’ll add one sharp into the scale for every major scale we play. The fingers for these scales are all the same, making these major and minor scales great piano fingering exercises. Here are the fingering patterns you’ll need to know for both hands:
Fingerings (LH): 54321321
Fingerings (RH): 12312345
C Major:
Notes: C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C
C Minor:
Notes: C, D, Eb, F, G, Ab, Bb, C
G Major:
Notes: G, A, B, C, D, E, F#, G
G Minor:
Notes: G, A, Bb, C, D, Eb, F, G
D Major:
Notes: D, E, F#, G, A, B, C#, D
D Minor:
Notes: D, E, F, G, A, Bb, C, D
A Major:
Notes: A, B, C#, D, E, F#, G#, A
A Minor:
Notes: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, A
E Major:
Notes: E, F#, G#, A, B, C#, D#, E
E Minor:
Notes: E, F#, G, A, B, C, D, E
The middle, or 3, fingers should always line up, so if they don’t, stop and try again. We recommend playing extremely slow to start with until you begin to feel the more confident. As soon as you can, start playing with a metronome. Working with a metronome will help develop your internal rhythm in a powerful way.
Once you’ve mastered the fingerings for major and natural minor scales in C, G, D, A, and E, you’ll be ready to move on to tougher scales. As you can see, these scales don’t share the same fingering patterns and the middle fingers don’t always play together.
B Major:
Notes: B, C#, D#, E, F#, G#, A#, B
Fingerings (LH): 4, 3, 2, 1, 4, 3, 2, 1
Fingerings (RH): 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
C#/Db Major:
Notes: Db, Eb, F, Gb, Ab, Bb, C, Db
Fingerings (LH): 3, 2, 1, 4, 3, 2, 1, 3
Fingerings (RH): 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2
D#/Eb Major:
Notes: Eb, F, G, Ab, Bb, C, D, Eb
Fingerings (LH): 3, 2, 1, 4, 3, 2, 1, 3
Fingerings (RH): 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3
F#/Gb Major:
Notes: F#, G#, A#, B, C#, D#, F, F#
Fingerings (LH): 4, 3, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1, 4
Fingerings (RH): 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2
G#/Ab Major:
Notes: Ab, Bb, C, Db, Eb, F, G, Ab
Fingerings (LH): 3, 2, 1, 4, 3, 2, 1, 3
Fingerings (RH): 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3
A#/Bb Major:
Notes: Bb, C, D, Eb, F, G, A, Bb
Fingerings (LH): 3, 2, 1, 4, 3, 2, 1, 3
Fingerings (RH): 4, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4
A#/Bb Minor:
Notes: A#, C, C#, D#, F, F#, G#, A#
Fingerings (LH): 2, 1, 3, 2, 1, 4, 3, 2
Fingerings (RH): 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4
B Minor:
Notes: B, C#, D, E, F#, G, A, B
Fingerings (LH): 4, 3, 2, 1, 4, 3, 2, 1
Fingerings (RH): 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
C#/Db Minor:
Notes: C#, D#, E, F#, G#, A, B, C#
Fingerings (LH): 3, 2, 1, 4, 3, 2, 1, 3
Fingerings (RH): 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3
D#/Eb Minor:
Notes: D#, F, F#, G#, A#, B, C#, D#
Fingerings (LH): 2, 1, 4, 3, 2, 1, 3, 2
Fingerings (RH): 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3
F Minor:
Notes: F, G, Ab, Bb, C, Db, Eb, F
Fingerings (LH): 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1
Fingerings (RH): 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4
F#/Gb Minor:
Notes: F#, G#, A, B, C#, D, E, F#
Fingerings (LH): 4, 3, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1, 4
Fingerings (RH): 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3
G#/Ab Minor:
Notes: G#, A#, B, C#, D#, E, F#, G#
Fingerings (LH): 3, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1, 3, 2
Fingerings (RH): 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3
Knowing how to construct major and minor scales is hugely important because basic chords found in key signatures are built on each scale degree. Chord-building can also double as powerful piano fingering exercises that can give pianists increased finger strength and music theory knowledge. Basic chords, or triads, are built off of three notes. Both hands will use the 1, 3 and 5 fingers to play basic chords.
There’s two ways we can think about building chords. The first way focuses on building chords in the context of keys. This means that we can build triads and move up and down in the context of a major and minor key using only the notes found in the scale. Using the key of G major for example, this means that the chords you’ll play are G-B-D, A-C-E, B-D-F#, C-E-G, D-F#-A, E-G-B and F#-A-C.
The other way we can think about building chords is by using simple formulas of intervals to construct the basic chords found in major and minor keys. Major and minor keys are built off of a series of major, minor, and diminished chords that never change.
Major Chords: Root + Major 3rd (4 half-steps) + Perfect 5th (7 half-steps)
Using C as an example, a major chord can be built by adding an E and G a major 3rd and perfect 5th above.
Minor Chords: Root + Minor 3rd (3 half-steps) + Perfect 5th (7 half-steps)
Minor chords exactly mirror their major counterparts other than the third of the chord, which is a half-step lower. A C minor chord is C-Eb-G.
Diminished Chords: Root + Minor 3rd (3 half-steps) + Tritone (6 half-steps)
Starting with a C, adding an Eb and Gb will result in a diminished chord.
We’re going to show you a way to turn your chord-building knowledge into some helpful piano fingering exercises, but first let’s talk about a way to think about how chords relate to each other within keys. You’ll want to rely on a combination of the two chord-building methods we discussed.
The order of major, minor, and diminished chords found within keys never changes, so we can assign each chord its own unique Roman numeral to help us identify its place within a key. All major keys contain the following sequence of major and minor chords. The smaller numerals represent minor chords while the larger ones represent major chords. Any chord with a small circle beside it represents a diminished chord.
I ii iii IV V vi vii°
C Major Chord
D Minor Chord
E Minor Chord
F Major Chord
G Major Chord
A Minor Chord
B Diminished Chord
i ii° III iv v VI VII
A Minor Chord
B Diminished Chord
C Major Chord
Snes for ppsspp. D Minor Chord
E Minor Chord
F Major Chord
G Major Chord
If you build triads on the scale degrees of major and minor chords, this is the way the chords are naturally organized.
With the way we showed you above, you’ll now be able to build basic chords and scales in any key in music. That’s incredibly powerful knowledge that can inform your musicianship in new and meaningful ways. You can construct your own piano fingering exercises that put your chord knowledge into practice.
For example, starting from middle C you can create a finger exercise by arpeggiating the chords found in all the keys on both sides of the circle of 5ths. Or, starting from C, test your chord-building knowledge out and arpeggiate major, minor, and diminished chords chromatically step-by-step until you reach the C an octave above with both hands.
Once you’ve mastered scales and chords, you’ll be ready for some advanced piano finger exercises. Pianists have turned to the Hanon book of piano exercises to help improve their playing for over 150 years. This book features 60 virtuosic exercises meticulously designed to increase strength, speed, flexibility, and power in a pianist.
Pianists who’ve been playing for months or decades will have tons to work with in this helpful book. Play these exercises slowly to the steady click of a metronome, and don’t move ahead until you’ve completed each exercise in order. This book has remained popular for so long because it’s basically a perfect book of piano fingering exercises.
If you find that working on piano fingering exercises alone isn’t giving you the results you’re looking for, we recommend finding an experienced teacher to work with. No book or Youtube video can replace the experience of learning directly from a patient and seasoned teacher.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | |||||||
| 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 50 Free Piano Lessons | |||||||
| 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 |
| Lesson 9 Playing Major Chord | Lesson 10 3 Primary Chords | Lesson 11 Blues Chord Progressions |
| Lesson 27 Playing Minor Chords | Lesson 28 Three Secondary Chords | Lesson 29 Dominant Seventh Chords |
| Zebrakeys.com | |||||||
| CHORDS: | |||||||
| Major | Root | 4HS | 3HS | ||||
| Minor | Root | 3HS | 4HS | ||||
| Dominant 7th | Root | 4HS | 3HS | 3HS | |||
| Major 7th | Root | 4HS | 3HS | 4HS | |||
| Minor 7th | Root | 3HS | 4HS | 3HS | |||
| Diminished | Root | 3HS | 3HS | ||||
| Augmented | Root | 4HS | 4HS | ||||
| 6th | Root | 4HS | 3HS | 2HS | |||
| SUS2 | Root | 2HS | 5HS | ||||
| SUS4 | Root | 5HS | 2HS | ||||
| Major 9th | Root | 4HS | 3HS | 4HS | 3HS | ||
| Major 11th | Root | 4HS | 3HS | 4HS | 3HS | 3HS | |
| Major 13th | Root | 4HS | 3HS | 4HS | 3HS | 3HS | 4HS |
| Zebrakeys.com | |||||||
| CHORDS: | in | the | Key | of | C | ||
| Major | C | E | G | ||||
| Minor | C | Eb | G | ||||
| Dominant 7th | C | E | G | Bb | |||
| Major 7th | C | E | G | B | |||
| Minor 7th | C | Eb | G | Bb | |||
| Diminished | C | Eb | Gb | ||||
| Augmented | C | E | Ab | ||||
| 6th | C | E | G | A | |||
| SUS2 | C | D | G | ||||
| SUS4 | C | F | G | ||||
| Major 9th | C | E | G | B | D | ||
| Major 11th | C | E | G | B | D | F | |
| Major 13th | C | E | G | B | D | F | A |
| Piano Basics: Lesson 4 - Piano Grand Staff, a written Version with Flash demos |
| How to play Silent Night and holidays songs : Auld Lang Syne, The First Noel Easy Piano songs for beginners: Brother John London Bridge Is Falling Down Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star |
| Usevirtual keyboard provided below to play these Access 3 Easy Piano Songs for Beginners, free tutorials with Flash demos - A fun way to learn how to play the piano! |
| Click to InstallFlash Plugin if you cannot view the Flash Demos or Virtual Keyboard on this page. |
| HOW TO USE Z-BOARD To play notes for the right-hand melodies -
activate it prior to playing the chords 2. To play C Major Chord (C -E - G), hold down 'Shift' - 'S' - 'F' (on the computer keyboard) all at once. |
| FIVE-FINGER EXERCISES AccessPiano Technique Lessons |
| Learn Songs, Chords, Music Theory, Improvisation & Piano Techniques |
| Lesson 1 - Patterns of the Piano Keys Lesson 2 - Name of White Piano Keys Lesson 3 - Name of Black Piano Keys Lesson 4 - Music Notation : Piano Grand Staff Lesson 5 - Music Notation ote Durations Lesson 6 - How to play song, Brother John Lesson 7 - :London Bridge Is Falling Down Lesson 8 - Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star |
| Lesson 9 - Major Chord |
| FIND any CHORDS using FreeVirtual Piano Chord Chart |
| Lesson 10 - Three Primary Chords Lesson 11 - 12-Bar Blues Chord Progression Lesson 12 - 12 Keys of Music Lesson 13 - Major Scale Lesson 14 - Music Intervals |
| Lesson 15 - Chords of the Major Scale Lesson 16 - The Circle of Fifths Lesson 17 - Chord Inversions Lesson 18 - Double Chord Pattern Lesson 19 - Broken Chord Pattern Lesson 20 - Arpeggio Chord Pattern Lesson 21 - Sounds of the Orient (Pentatonic Scale) Lesson 22 - Mysterious Sounds (Whole Tone Scale) Lesson 23 - Arpeggios |
| Lesson 24 - America (My Country Tis of Thee) Lesson 25 - Silent Night Lesson 26 - God Rest Ye Merry Gentlemen |
| Lesson 27 - Minor Chord Lesson 28 - Three Secondary Chords n Lesson 29 - Dominant 7th Chord Lesson 30 - Major 7th Chord Lesson 31 - Minor 7th Chord Lesson 32 - Natural Minor Scale Lesson 33 - Chords of the Natural Minor Scale Lesson 34 - Melody as Octaves Lesson 35 - Root Chord Pattern Lesson 36 - Harmony Notes Lesson 37 - Major Chord Inversions Lesson 38 - Chord Inversion Straddles |
| Lesson 39 - The First Noel Lesson 40 - Auld Lang Syne Lesson 41 - Hark! The Herald Angels Sing |
| Lesson 42 - Diminished Chord Lesson 43 - Augmented Chord Lesson 44 - 6th Chords Lesson 45 - Sus2 Chords Lesson 46 - Sus4 Chords Lesson 47 - Major 9th Chords Lesson 48 - Major 11th Chords Lesson 49 - Major 13th Chords Lesson 51 - Blues Scale |
| How to play O Christmas Tree melody only Download We Wish You A Merry Christmas free sheet music |